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Q1 of 40
Sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃) is manufactured by:
Correct Answer: Option C — Solvay process Detailed Academic Explanation: Solvay process uses NH₃, CO₂, and NaCl to produce NaHCO₃, which is heated to give Na₂CO₃.
💡 Key Conceptual Anchor:
Chemistry — Mixed Practice
Q2 of 40
Which compound is used as a drying agent for gases?
Correct Answer: Option B — CaO Detailed Academic Explanation: Quicklime (CaO) absorbs moisture: CaO + H₂O → Ca(OH)₂, used for drying neutral/basic gases.
💡 Key Conceptual Anchor:
Chemistry — Mixed Practice
Q3 of 40
The compound responsible for temporary hardness of water is:
Correct Answer: Option C — Ca(HCO₃)₂ Detailed Academic Explanation: Temporary hardness due to bicarbonates of Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺; removed by boiling: Ca(HCO₃)₂ → CaCO₃↓ + CO₂ + H₂O.
💡 Key Conceptual Anchor:
Chemistry — Mixed Practice
Q4 of 40
Permanent hardness of water is removed by:
Correct Answer: Option C — Adding washing soda Detailed Academic Explanation: Washing soda (Na₂CO₃) precipitates Ca²⁺/Mg²⁺ as carbonates: Ca²⁺ + CO₃²⁻ → CaCO₃↓.
💡 Key Conceptual Anchor:
Chemistry — Mixed Practice
Q5 of 40
Which allotrope of carbon has layered structure?
Correct Answer: Option B — Graphite Detailed Academic Explanation: Graphite has hexagonal layers of sp²-hybridized carbon atoms held by weak van der Waals forces, allowing layers to slide.
💡 Key Conceptual Anchor:
Chemistry — Mixed Practice
Q6 of 40
The compound formed when CO₂ is passed through lime water is:
Correct Answer: Option B — CaCO₃ Detailed Academic Explanation: Ca(OH)₂ + CO₂ → CaCO₃↓ (white ppt) + H₂O. Excess CO₂: CaCO₃ + CO₂ + H₂O → Ca(HCO₃)₂ (soluble).
💡 Key Conceptual Anchor:
Chemistry — Mixed Practice
Q7 of 40
The process used for purification of bauxite is:
Correct Answer: Option C — Bayer process Detailed Academic Explanation: Bayer process: impure bauxite digested in NaOH to form soluble NaAlO₂; impurities filtered out; Al(OH)₃ precipitated and calcined to pure Al₂O₃.
💡 Key Conceptual Anchor:
Chemistry — Mixed Practice
Q8 of 40
The compound used as mordant in dyeing is:
Correct Answer: Option C — KAl(SO₄)₂·12H₂O Detailed Academic Explanation: Potash alum KAl(SO₄)₂·12H₂O is used as mordant to fix dyes on fabrics.
💡 Key Conceptual Anchor:
Chemistry — Mixed Practice
Q9 of 40
The compound used in match boxes is:
Correct Answer: Option B — Red phosphorus Detailed Academic Explanation: Red phosphorus (non-toxic, stable) coated on matchbox striking surface; match head contains KClO₃ and S.
💡 Key Conceptual Anchor:
Chemistry — Mixed Practice
Q10 of 40
The catalyst used in Contact process for H₂SO₄ manufacture is:
Correct Answer: Option C — V₂O₅ Detailed Academic Explanation: Contact process: 2SO₂ + O₂ ⇌ 2SO₃ using V₂O₅ catalyst at 400-450°C.
💡 Key Conceptual Anchor:
Chemistry — Mixed Practice
Q11 of 40
The coordination number of Co in [Co(NH₃)₆]³⁺ is:
Correct Answer: Option D — 6 Detailed Academic Explanation: Six NH₃ ligands coordinate to Co³⁺ ion ⇒ coordination number = 6.
💡 Key Conceptual Anchor:
Chemistry — Mixed Practice
Q12 of 40
Which complex exhibits geometrical isomerism?
Correct Answer: Option C — [Co(NH₃)₄Cl₂]⁺ Detailed Academic Explanation: [Co(NH₃)₄Cl₂]⁺ (octahedral, MA₄B₂ type) shows cis-trans isomerism. Others have symmetric arrangements.
💡 Key Conceptual Anchor:
Chemistry — Mixed Practice
Q13 of 40
The hybridization in [Ni(CN)₄]²⁻ is:
Correct Answer: Option B — dsp² Detailed Academic Explanation: [Ni(CN)₄]²⁻ is square planar (diamagnetic, Ni²⁺ d⁸) ⇒ dsp² hybridization.
💡 Key Conceptual Anchor:
Chemistry — Mixed Practice
Q14 of 40
The hybridization in [NiCl₄]²⁻ is:
Correct Answer: Option A — sp³ Detailed Academic Explanation: [NiCl₄]²⁻ is tetrahedral (paramagnetic, Ni²⁺ d⁸) ⇒ sp³ hybridization.
💡 Key Conceptual Anchor:
Chemistry — Mixed Practice
Q15 of 40
Which ligand is bidentate?
Correct Answer: Option C — en (ethylenediamine) Detailed Academic Explanation: Ethylenediamine (H₂N-CH₂-CH₂-NH₂) has two donor N atoms ⇒ bidentate ligand.
💡 Key Conceptual Anchor:
Chemistry — Mixed Practice
Q16 of 40
The IUPAC name of CH₃CH₂CH₂OH is:
Correct Answer: Option B — Propan-1-ol Detailed Academic Explanation: Three-carbon chain with -OH on terminal carbon ⇒ propan-1-ol.
💡 Key Conceptual Anchor:
Chemistry — Mixed Practice
Q17 of 40
Which amine is secondary?
Correct Answer: Option B — (CH₃)₂NH Detailed Academic Explanation: (CH₃)₂NH has two alkyl groups attached to nitrogen ⇒ secondary amine.
💡 Key Conceptual Anchor:
Chemistry — Mixed Practice
Q18 of 40
The compound that gives carbylamine test is:
Correct Answer: Option A — Primary amine Detailed Academic Explanation: Primary aliphatic/aromatic amines on heating with chloroform and KOH give foul-smelling isocyanides (carbylamines).
💡 Key Conceptual Anchor:
Chemistry — Mixed Practice
Q19 of 40
The monomer of PVC is:
Correct Answer: Option C — Vinyl chloride Detailed Academic Explanation: Polyvinyl chloride (PVC): n CH₂=CHCl → [─CH₂─CHCl─]_n
💡 Key Conceptual Anchor:
Chemistry — Mixed Practice
Q20 of 40
Vulcanization of rubber involves addition of:
Correct Answer: Option A — Sulfur Detailed Academic Explanation: Vulcanization: heating natural rubber with sulfur forms cross-links (disulfide bridges) improving elasticity, strength and temperature resistance.
💡 Key Conceptual Anchor:
Chemistry — Mixed Practice
Q21 of 40
The main cause of ozone layer depletion is:
Correct Answer: Option C — CFCs Detailed Academic Explanation: Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) release chlorine radicals in stratosphere that catalyze ozone destruction: Cl· + O₃ → ClO· + O₂; ClO· + O → Cl· + O₂.
💡 Key Conceptual Anchor:
Chemistry — Mixed Practice
Q22 of 40
The process of removing permanent hardness using ion exchange resins involves exchange of Ca²⁺/Mg²⁺ with:
Correct Answer: Option D — Both A and C Detailed Academic Explanation: Cation exchange resins contain -SO₃⁻Na⁺ or -SO₃⁻H⁺ groups that exchange Na⁺/H⁺ for Ca²⁺/Mg²⁺ ions.
💡 Key Conceptual Anchor:
Chemistry — Mixed Practice
Q23 of 40
Green chemistry aims to:
Correct Answer: Option B — Reduce use and generation of hazardous substances Detailed Academic Explanation: Green chemistry principles focus on waste prevention, atom economy, safer solvents/auxiliaries, and designing safer chemicals.
💡 Key Conceptual Anchor:
Chemistry — Mixed Practice
Q24 of 40
The compound responsible for greenhouse effect is primarily:
Correct Answer: Option C — Carbon dioxide Detailed Academic Explanation: CO₂ absorbs infrared radiation emitted by Earth's surface, trapping heat in atmosphere. Other GHGs: CH₄, N₂O, H₂O vapor.
💡 Key Conceptual Anchor:
Chemistry — Mixed Practice
Q25 of 40
Eutrophication of water bodies is caused by excess of:
Correct Answer: Option C — Nitrates and phosphates Detailed Academic Explanation: Excess nitrates/phosphates from fertilizers cause algal blooms; decomposition of dead algae depletes dissolved oxygen, killing aquatic life.
💡 Key Conceptual Anchor:
Chemistry — Mixed Practice
Q26 of 40
The compound with highest boiling point is:
Correct Answer: Option D — C₄H₁₀ Detailed Academic Explanation: Boiling point increases with molecular mass in homologous series due to stronger London dispersion forces.
💡 Key Conceptual Anchor:
Chemistry — Mixed Practice
Q27 of 40
The compound that gives iodoform test is:
Correct Answer: Option D — All of the above Detailed Academic Explanation: Compounds with CH₃CH(OH)- or CH₃CO- groups give yellow iodoform precipitate with I₂/NaOH.
💡 Key Conceptual Anchor:
Chemistry — Mixed Practice
Q28 of 40
Which compound is used as refrigerant?
Correct Answer: Option C — CF₂Cl₂ Detailed Academic Explanation: Dichlorodifluoromethane (CF₂Cl₂, Freon-12) was commonly used as refrigerant before being phased out due to ozone depletion potential.
💡 Key Conceptual Anchor:
Chemistry — Mixed Practice
Q29 of 40
The compound used as anesthetic is:
Correct Answer: Option A — CHCl₃ Detailed Academic Explanation: Chloroform (CHCl₃) was historically used as general anesthetic; now replaced by safer agents.
💡 Key Conceptual Anchor:
Chemistry — Mixed Practice
Q30 of 40
The process of converting oils to fats is called:
Correct Answer: Option B — Hydrogenation Detailed Academic Explanation: Hydrogenation: unsaturated oils + H₂ (Ni catalyst) → saturated/partially saturated fats (vanaspati ghee).
💡 Key Conceptual Anchor:
Chemistry — Mixed Practice
Q31 of 40
The sugar present in DNA is:
Correct Answer: Option B — Deoxyribose Detailed Academic Explanation: DNA contains 2-deoxy-D-ribose; RNA contains D-ribose.
💡 Key Conceptual Anchor:
Chemistry — Mixed Practice
Q32 of 40
Which enzyme catalyzes hydrolysis of sucrose?
Correct Answer: Option C — Invertase Detailed Academic Explanation: Invertase (sucrase) hydrolyzes sucrose to glucose + fructose (invert sugar).
💡 Key Conceptual Anchor:
Chemistry — Mixed Practice
Q33 of 40
The compound used in tear gas is:
Correct Answer: Option D — C₆H₅CH₂Cl Detailed Academic Explanation: Benzyl chloride (C₆H₅CH₂Cl) is lachrymatory agent used in tear gas.
💡 Key Conceptual Anchor:
Chemistry — Mixed Practice
Q34 of 40
The main component of natural gas is:
Correct Answer: Option A — Methane Detailed Academic Explanation: Natural gas contains 70-90% methane (CH₄) along with smaller amounts of ethane, propane, and butane.
💡 Key Conceptual Anchor:
Chemistry — Mixed Practice
Q35 of 40
The octane number of iso-octane is:
Correct Answer: Option D — 100 Detailed Academic Explanation: Iso-octane (2,2,4-trimethylpentane) assigned octane number 100; n-heptane assigned 0.
💡 Key Conceptual Anchor:
Chemistry — Mixed Practice
Q36 of 40
The process of removing sulfur from petroleum is called:
Correct Answer: Option C — Sweetening Detailed Academic Explanation: Sweetening removes sulfur compounds (which cause foul odor and SO₂ pollution) using hydrogen (hydrodesulfurization) or other methods.
💡 Key Conceptual Anchor:
Chemistry — Mixed Practice
Q37 of 40
Which is renewable source of energy?
Correct Answer: Option D — Biomass Detailed Academic Explanation: Biomass (plant/animal material) is renewable as it can be replenished through natural processes within human timescale.
💡 Key Conceptual Anchor:
Chemistry — Mixed Practice
Q38 of 40
The main constituent of biogas is:
Correct Answer: Option B — Methane Detailed Academic Explanation: Biogas from anaerobic digestion contains 50-75% methane, 25-50% CO₂, and traces of other gases.
💡 Key Conceptual Anchor:
Chemistry — Mixed Practice
Q39 of 40
The compound used as fire extinguisher is:
Correct Answer: Option B — CCl₄ Detailed Academic Explanation: Carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) vapor is non-combustible and heavier than air, smothering fires (now restricted due to toxicity).
💡 Key Conceptual Anchor:
Chemistry — Mixed Practice
Q40 of 40
The compound used in dry cleaning is:
Correct Answer: Option B — CCl₄ Detailed Academic Explanation: Carbon tetrachloride was historically used as solvent in dry cleaning; now largely replaced by perchloroethylene due to toxicity concerns.
💡 Key Conceptual Anchor:
Chemistry — Mixed Practice