Ecology & Environment: 8 MCQs with Explanations

Grass is an autotroph that produces its own food via photosynthesis, forming the base of the food chain.

Decomposers (bacteria/fungi) are living (biotic) components that break down dead matter.

The official PMDC syllabus for MDCAT Biology includes Biodiversity, Bioenergetics, Prokaryotes, and other topics, but Environmental Biology is not listed as a separate main topic.

Grass is an autotroph (producer) that converts solar energy into chemical energy via photosynthesis, forming the base of the food chain.

Pyramid of energy is always upright because energy transfer between trophic levels is inefficient (~10% rule); some pyramids of numbers/biomass can be inverted.

These mechanisms generate unique genetic combinations in offspring, providing raw material for natural selection and evolution.

Pyramid of energy is always upright because energy transfer between trophic levels is inefficient (~10% rule); pyramids of numbers/biomass can be inverted (e.g., single tree supporting many insects).

Ecological succession: primary (on bare substrate) or secondary (after disturbance) leads to relatively stable climax community.

Today the land habitat is dominated by Tracheophytes .

The most important group of producers in marine ecosystem is of Diatoms .

In most ecosystems the greatest amount of energy flows through the Herbivores .

Heterotroph is the correct answer to “What is the characteristic feature of consumers”. Items of this type are drawn from the Ecology & Environment syllabus of Pakistani competitive exams, where the fact is tested verbatim.

Which of the following is most constant abiotic component of ecosystem Gravity .

Ecosystem not found in Pakistan is Tropical rain forest .

The productivity of aquatic ecosystem is basically determined by light and Nutrients .

Different species of plants and animals living in the same habitat is called Community .

Community is the correct answer to “Different species of plants and animals living in the same habitat is called”. Items of this type are drawn from the Ecology & Environment syllabus of Pakistani competitive exams, where the fact is tested verbatim.

Community is the correct answer to “Two or more populations of different species living and interacting in the same area form”. Items of this type are drawn from the Ecology & Environment syllabus of Pakistani competitive exams, where the fact is tested verbatim.